Which symptom is an early sign of peripheral artery disease (PAD)?

• A. Cold extremities
• B. Pain in lower extremity while walking
• C. Skin discoloration
• D. Swelling in the legs

Answer: (B)

The symptom that is recognized as an early sign of peripheral artery disease (PAD) is pain in the lower extremity while walking, often referred to as intermittent claudication. This symptom occurs due to reduced blood flow to the muscles in the legs during physical activity, resulting in discomfort or cramping. When individuals with PAD exert themselves, the demand for oxygen in the muscles increases, but the narrowed arteries limit blood supply, which leads to pain.

This characteristic symptom serves as an early indicator of the disease, making it essential for early detection and intervention. Catching PAD early is crucial because it can help prevent more severe complications associated with reduced blood flow, such as ulcers or gangrene.

While other symptoms like cold extremities, skin discoloration, and swelling are also associated with PAD, they tend to appear later in the disease progression or in more severe cases. Cold extremities may occur due to chronic poor circulation, skin discoloration can indicate more advanced vascular damage, and swelling might suggest complications or coexisting conditions rather than being an early sign of PAD itself.