Which nursing intervention is appropriate for a patient displaying respiratory distress?

• A. Encouraging deep breathing exercises
• B. Administering supplemental oxygen and monitoring vital signs
• C. Starting IV fluid therapy
• D. Performing a chest X-ray

Answer: (B)

Administering supplemental oxygen and monitoring vital signs is an appropriate intervention for a patient experiencing respiratory distress because it directly addresses the primary concern: ensuring adequate oxygenation. In respiratory distress, the patient's ability to breathe effectively is compromised, which can lead to decreased oxygen levels in the blood (hypoxemia). Providing supplemental oxygen helps to quickly improve oxygen saturation, which is crucial for preventing complications such as organ damage and respiratory failure.

In addition to administering oxygen, monitoring vital signs is essential to assess the patient's current condition and response to treatment. Observations such as respiratory rate, heart rate, and blood pressure can give insight into the severity of the respiratory distress and the effectiveness of the intervention.

Moreover, while encouraging deep breathing exercises can be beneficial for some patients, it may not be sufficient when significant respiratory distress is present, as the immediate priority is to stabilize oxygen levels. Starting IV fluid therapy might be necessary in some situations, but it is not a direct response to respiratory distress itself unless the cause is related to volume depletion. Performing a chest X-ray may help diagnose the underlying cause of respiratory distress, but it is not an immediate intervention that addresses the urgent need for improved respiratory function.